Citizenship · Belgium

Belgian nationality by declaration

For legal residents of Belgium with 5 or 10 years of residence.

Five years of legal residence, with proof of economic participation, social integration and A2 knowledge of a national language. A 10-year route has lighter integration requirements. The fee rose from €150 to €1,000 in 2025.

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Facts checked on

Belgian nationality in figures

BelgiumEUSchengen

Years to citizenship
5 yearsChecked onsourcesecondary source
Sources behind each figure

How it works

Five years with proof, or ten with less

The declaration is filed at your commune; the integration evidence decides the route.

The 5-year route

Five years of legal residence plus three proofs: economic participation, social integration and A2 in Dutch, French or German. The 10-year route asks for lighter integration evidence.

The fee is €1,000, raised from €150 in 2025 and indexed.

Reform plans

The 2025–2029 coalition plans a citizenship test, B1 instead of A2, and the regional language. The sources we checked do not confirm these changes as enacted, so we check the law again before you file.

Who this is not for

  • Residents under 5 years
  • Applicants who cannot show economic participation on the 5-year route

How we handle it

We choose the route, assemble the integration and work evidence and prepare the declaration you file at the commune.

What you getEUSchengen

What Belgian nationality gives

Requirements

Who can declare Belgian nationality

Conditions of the 5-year route.

5-year route

  • 5 years of legal residence
  • Economic participation
  • Social integration
  • A2 in a national language
Reasons for refusal

10-year route

  • 10 years of legal residence
  • Lighter integration requirements

Pending reform

B1 and a citizenship test are planned but not confirmed as law.

Who this is not for

  • Short-term residents

Where files usually break

Missing work evidence and language certificates below A2.

Five years in Belgium?

Indicative prices; the final quote depends on your case. We usually reply within one business day.

Get a quote

Process

From evidence to nationality

Three steps.

  1. 01We

    Route and evidence

    We choose the route and collect work and integration evidence.

    Evidence file

  2. 02You

    Declaration

    You file the declaration at your commune.

    Filed declaration

  3. 03Authority

    Review

    The Belgian authorities review the declaration.

    Belgian nationality

    What you receive

    • Evidence file
    • Prepared declaration
Our part
Not published
AuthorityCommune and Belgian authorities
Not published

After nationality

  • Apply for a Belgian ID card and passport.

Get a quoteDocuments

Refusals

Why declarations fail

Two grounds.

Checked on

Reason for refusalWhat closes itLegal basis
Economic participation not provenWe check work days and contributions before filing.Not published
Language below A2We check the certificate.5 yearsChecked onsecondary sourceConditions for getting Belgian nationality to be tightened further

Before filing

  • Re-check the law if the reform is enacted before you file.

Long term

Two routes to nationality

5 years with integration proof, or 10 with lighter requirements.

  1. Permit validityNot published
  2. Years to permanent residenceNot publishedno dataChecked on
  3. Years to citizenship5 yearsChecked onsourcesecondary source
  • 5-year route
  • 10-year route
Nationality Code:Conditions for getting Belgian nationality to be tightened further

Changes

Dated changes in Belgium

Updated

Belgian nationality by declarationOpen

DateWhat changedApplies toSource
ReformParliament voted to raise the VAT small-business exemption threshold from EUR 25,000 to EUR 30,000, in EUR 1,000 annual steps from 2027 to 2031.Whole countryVATupdate
TransitionThe MiCA transitional period for CASPs ended. The FSMA (competent under the Law of 11 December 2025) had granted no CASP authorisation as of 25 June 2026.Whole countryFSMA (Financial Services and Markets Authority)
ReformSome reduced-rate VAT supplies (including hotel accommodation) moved from the 6% to the 12% rate, according to PwC.Whole countryPwC Worldwide Tax Summaries
Reform10% capital gains tax on financial assets held by individuals (EUR 10,000 annual exemption; gains accrued to 31 December 2025 exempt). Parliament adopted the bill in April 2026 with effect from 1 January 2026.Whole countryKPMG Belgium
ReformFamily reunification law in force: sponsor income requirement 110% of the guaranteed minimum monthly income (EUR 2,323.10 net per month), plus 10% per extra family member; minimum partner age raised to 21.Whole countryFragomen
ClosureInbound taxpayer regime: salary threshold lowered from EUR 75,000 to EUR 70,000 and allowance raised from 30% to 35% with no cap (Law of 18 December 2025, retroactive to 1 January 2025; retroactive applications closed 9 April 2026).Whole countryEY Belgium
ReformVAT franchise regime revised in line with the EU SME scheme: a cross-border exemption becomes available up to EUR 100,000 of EU turnover.Whole countryBDO Belgium

Check your eligibilityHow often we check changes

Documents

Documents for the declaration

Four documents.

Checked on

DocumentWho issues itApostilleTranslationWho prepares
Applicant
Birth certificateCivil registry of birth countryYesYesYou provide
Language certificate (A2)Recognised providerNoNoYou provide
Proof of work and contributionsEmployers and social securityNoNoYou provide
Declaration filePrepared from your recordsNoNoWe prepare

Send us your residence and work history.Get a quote

Request

Check your Belgian nationality route

Residence years, work history and language level are enough.

We use your details only to answer this request.

We usually reply within one business day.

Legal disclaimer

The information on this site is general and is not legal advice for your specific situation.

Legal disclaimer

Questions

Belgian citizenship: short answers

Law in force on our check date.

Rules

How many years for Belgian citizenship?

5 years with proof of work, integration and A2; or 10 years with lighter requirements.

How much does the declaration cost?

€1,000 since 2025, indexed.

Is the language level going up to B1?

It is planned by the coalition but was not confirmed as enacted in the sources we checked.

Sources

Where the figures come from

Belgian government pages behind this page.

1Sources
SourcePublisherTypeChecked on
Secondary sources
Conditions for getting Belgian nationality to be tightened furtherValcke & AssociatesSecondary sourcessecondary sourceChecked on
Editorial policy
Belgian citizenship by declaration: 5 years, A2 and a €1,000 fee | Clearfile